Separate the egg whites and yolks into two different mixing bowls.
In the bowl with the egg yolks, whisk together the granulated sugar and vanilla extract until well combined.
Gradually add the milk to the egg yolk mixture and whisk until smooth.
Sift in the all-purpose flour, baking powder, and salt. Mix until just combined, ensuring no lumps remain.
In the separate bowl with the egg whites, use an electric mixer to beat them until stiff peaks form.
Gently fold the egg whites into the batter in three additions, being careful not to deflate the mixture. The batter should be light and airy.
Preheat a non-stick frying pan over low heat. Add a small amount of butter or oil to coat the bottom.
Use a 1/4 cup measuring cup to scoop the batter onto the pan. For extra fluffiness, stack two tablespoons of batter on top of each pancake.
Cover the pan with a lid and cook for 3-4 minutes on one side. Check if the bottom is golden brown, then carefully flip the pancakes and cook for another 3-4 minutes, until golden and fully cooked.
Remove from the pan and serve immediately with maple syrup or whipped cream if desired.